Apr 3, 2025
Paper was first invented in China around 105 CE by Cai Lun, a court official. He used mulberry bark, rags, and hemp to create the earliest sheets. This innovation revolutionised writing and record-keeping, spreading across the world over centuries.
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Despite its delicate feel, paper has impressive strength. A standard A4 sheet can be folded just seven times, no matter its size. However, if it could be folded 42 times, it would reach the Moon due to exponential thickness growth.
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It takes around 10 litres of water to produce a single A4 sheet of paper. From pulping to drying, the process consumes vast amounts of water, highlighting the importance of recycling and responsible paper usage.
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Some high-quality papers, especially for art and banknotes, contain gelatine. This ingredient improves durability, prevents ink from spreading, and enhances texture, making it essential for professional-grade materials.
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During World War II, the Japanese military used paper balloons as weapons. These fire balloons, called Fu-Go, were designed to travel across the Pacific and cause destruction in enemy territories, showcasing paper’s surprising wartime role.
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Japan produces the world’s thinnest handmade paper, called Tengujo. It is so delicate that it is almost transparent, yet strong enough to be used in preserving ancient documents and artwork due to its incredible durability.
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Paper can be recycled up to seven times before its fibres become too weak. However, each cycle shortens the fibres, requiring the addition of new pulp to maintain quality. This is why a mix of recycled and fresh paper is often used.
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Some types of paper are safe to eat. Edible rice paper is commonly used in Asian cuisine for spring rolls and confectionery. It dissolves easily in the mouth, making it perfect for decorative cake toppers and artistic desserts.
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Not all paper comes from trees. Some eco-friendly alternatives include bamboo, hemp, and even stone. These materials produce durable, sustainable paper without the need for deforestation, making them a greener choice.
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Despite its name, most banknotes aren’t made from traditional paper. They are usually composed of a special blend of cotton and linen, which makes them durable, tear-resistant, and capable of surviving years of circulation.
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