How to Get A Driving Licence: Step-by-step Process & Key Requirements

A driving licence in India is a mandatory document that legally permits individuals to operate various vehicles. Managed by the Regional Transport Offices (RTOs), driving licences ensure that every motorist on the road meets minimum requirements in terms of age, training, and awareness of traffic laws. Here’s a breakdown of the types, eligibility criteria, and application process for different licences in India.

Types of Driving Licences in India

1. Learner’s Licence
   A provisional licence issued to new drivers for practising before obtaining a permanent licence, valid for six months.
   
2. Permanent Driving Licence
   Issued to those who pass an official driving test, allowing them to operate specific categories of vehicles.
   
3. Commercial Driving Licence
   Required for individuals who drive commercial vehicles like buses and trucks.
   
4. International Driving Permit (IDP)
   This licence enables Indian citizens to drive in foreign countries, serving as a legal translation of the domestic licence.
   

Vehicle Classifications and Licence Types

Each licence category permits the holder to drive specific vehicle classes. Here are the major classifications

• MC 50CC: Motorcycles with engines up to 50cc.
  
• MCWOG/FVG: Motorcycles of any capacity without gears, like scooters and mopeds.
  
• LMV-NT: Light motor vehicles, typically used for personal (non-transport) purposes.
  
• HMV and HPMV/HTV: Heavy motor vehicles, including passenger buses and large transport trucks.
  

For those driving larger vehicles or towing trailers, additional categories like HGMV (Heavy Goods Motor Vehicle) and Trailer licence may be required.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility requirements for obtaining a licence vary based on the vehicle type

• Two-wheelers (up to 50cc): Applicants must be at least 16 years old, with parental consent if under 18.
  
• Vehicles with gears: Applicants must be at least 18 years old.
  
• Commercial Vehicles: Applicants must be 20 (or 18 in some states), have completed education through the 8th grade, and received training from an authorised centre.
  

Required Documents for Licence Application

When applying for a driving licence, applicants need to submit specific documents, including

1. Age Proof: Such as a birth certificate, school leaving certificate, or passport.
   
2. Identity Proof: Aadhaar card, PAN card, or passport.
   
3. Address Proof: Documents like a utility bill, house agreement, or ration card.
   
4. Photographs: Three passport-size photos for both learner's and permanent licences.
   
5. Medical Certificate: Required for applicants aged 40 and above.
   

Application Process for a New Licence

To apply for a driving licence, follow these steps

1. Register Online: Visit the official RTO website and complete the online application.
   
2. Submit Documents: Upload digital copies of your ID, age, and address proof, and upload a recent photo.
   
3. Take the Test: Schedule an appointment for the driving test.
   
4. Receive Licence: If successful, your driving licence will be issued.

Online Services and Renewals
India’s RTOs also provide online services for tracking licence status and renewing licences. This digital approach simplifies managing documents and checking deadlines, reducing the need for in-person visits.